The global wine industry continues to navigate a period of profound transformation, according to the latest annual report released by the International Organisation of Vine and Wine.
The 2025 overview presents a sector adapting simultaneously to climate volatility, economic pressures, shifting consumer behavior, and evolving international trade policies.
Despite ongoing disruptions, the global wine market demonstrated resilience throughout 2025. While both export volume and value declined compared with 2024, international trade remained significantly above pre-pandemic levels, underlining the enduring strength and global importance of the wine sector.
Global Vineyard Surface Continues to Decline
The OIV reported that the global vineyard surface area contracted for the sixth consecutive year, reaching approximately 7.0 million hectares in 2025, representing a decline of 0.8% compared with the previous year.
This adjustment reflects strategic decisions by major wine-producing nations to align vineyard capacity with current market realities. Producers across Europe, the Americas, and parts of Oceania are increasingly focusing on sustainability, profitability, and market demand rather than volume expansion.
Wine Production Remains Historically Low
Global wine production in 2025 is estimated at 227 million hectoliters, slightly above the historically low levels recorded in 2024. However, production remains well below long-term historical averages, marking the third consecutive year of limited global harvests.
Extreme climatic conditions continued to influence vineyard performance worldwide, affecting yields in several major wine-producing regions. Frost, drought, excessive rainfall, and heatwaves once again shaped harvest outcomes across both hemispheres.
At the same time, some countries experienced strong recovery vintages. Nations including Brazil, New Zealand, South Africa, and Moldova benefited from improved growing conditions after weaker 2024 harvests, helping stabilize global supply.
Wine Consumption Continues to Shift
World wine consumption declined to an estimated 208 million hectoliters in 2025, down 2.7% year-over-year. According to the OIV, this trend reflects a combination of structural and economic factors.
Mature wine markets continue to experience evolving consumer preferences, particularly among younger generations seeking moderation, premium experiences, and alternative beverage categories. Additionally, inflationary pressures and reduced purchasing power impacted wine purchasing decisions across several key markets.
Nevertheless, some regions recorded positive momentum. Countries such as Portugal, Brazil, and Japan, alongside parts of Eastern and Central Europe, emerged as notable growth markets in 2025.
International Trade Faces Pressure from Tariff Policies
Global wine exports declined to 94.8 million hectoliters in 2025, while export value fell to EUR 33.8 billion. The downturn reflects softer global demand and heightened uncertainty caused by tariff measures and broader geopolitical trade tensions.
One of the most significant developments was the decline in wine imports by the United States, where import value dropped by 12% compared with 2024, reaching EUR 5.5 billion.
Despite these challenges, nearly half of all wine produced globally continues to be traded internationally, confirming the sector’s highly interconnected and export-driven nature.
Industry Balances Supply and Demand
The comparatively low production levels recorded over the last three years have helped maintain a relatively balanced market environment despite declining consumption.
The OIV also highlighted the importance of industrial wine uses, including distillation, vinegar production, spirits, and wine-based products, which account for approximately 30 million hectoliters annually. These outlets continue to play an important role in balancing supply and supporting market stability.
As the wine sector enters a new phase shaped by sustainability, market adaptation, and changing consumer expectations, the OIV emphasized the importance of international cooperation, scientific standards, and long-term strategic planning for the future of global viticulture.
Source: OIV
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